On October 6, 2025, the U.S. Supreme Court denied review of a Ninth Circuit decision holding that tying arrangements can be per se illegal under the Sherman Act. The denial was a setback for WLF, which argued in its amicus brief that the caselaw on which the court of appeals relied has been undercut by later Supreme Court decisions and is unsupported by modern economics. WLF asked the Court to overrule those precedents and to establish that only ties that restrict output violate the Sherman Act.
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