On November 4, 2025, WLF urged the Ninth Circuit to affirm a trial court’s decision to enter judgment as a matter of law in favor of a medical device company specializing in robotics-assisted surgery. The district court determined that the antitrust plaintiff had not met any of the Ninth Circuit’s mandatory factors for alleging a single-brand aftermarket. Urging affirmance on appeal, WLF’s amicus brief explained that the Ninth Circuit’s exacting test is mandatory and that the plaintiff’s theory would undo established antitrust principles—causing real harm to innovation and inviting lawfare.
Documents