On July 1, 2008, WLF filed formal comments with the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) on its proposed Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards designed to improve fuel efficiency and reduce carbon dioxide emissions. WLF supported NHTSA’s finding that the state regulations, such as California’s, are pre-empted by federal standards. WLF also urged NHTSA to ensure that its CAFE requirements are developed in such a way so as not to impose undue costs to the industry and consumers, which will translate into loss of jobs in these troubled economic times and add to the price of new vehicles for consumers. WLF also urged NHTSA not to effectively force manufacturers to reduce the weight of their vehicles to meet aggressive fuel economy standards, which would make them less crashworthy.