On July 26, 2013, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit struck down ordinances adopted by the City of Hazleton, Pennsylvania for the purpose of preventing illegal aliens from renting housing or working within the city. The decision was a setback for WLF, which filed a brief urging that the ordinances be upheld. WLF argued that local governments have an important role to play in enforcing our immigration laws and that Congress has never indicated that it seeks to confine immigration enforcement to federal officials only. The appeals court held that the ordinances conflicted with – and thus were impliedly preempted by – federal immigration law. The Third Circuit also struck down the ordinances in 2010; but that decision was vacated by the Supreme Court in 2011 after the Supreme Court in another case upheld the constitutionality of a very similar Arizona employment statute. The Supreme Court directed the Third Circuit to reconsider in light of the Arizona decision.