On June 9, 2008, the Supreme Court unanimously ruled that a government subcontractor cannot be held liable under the False Claims Act (FCA) for submitting a false claim to a prime contractor for payment if there was no evidence showing that the subcontractor intended the claim to be material to the government’s decision to pay or approve the prime contractor’s claim. The decision reversed a lower court decision that, if left intact, would have expanded liability under the FCA beyond that intended by Congress. In a victory for WLF, the Court ruled that liability under the FCA cannot be imposed if there was evidence showing that the contractor intended that the government rely on the claim as a condition for payment.